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Lee W. Cooper
M.S., Botany, 1980 B.A., Biology, 1978 |
Web Portal For Arctic Research at the
University of Tennessee
MAJOR
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Stable and radioisotope composition of organic
materials and natural waters; aquatic plant physiology; high latitude
oceanography and hydrology
At the current time, my research efforts are
focused most strongly around these three projects. Please see the link above for
Arctic Research at the University of Tennessee for more details
on these and other current and past
efforts.1.
"The Western Arctic Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI) Project." The object of the SBI project is to evaluate the impacts of potential global change in temperature, ice cover, and biological productivity upon the exchange of biogenic materials between the Arctic continental shelves and the deeper basins of the Arctic Ocean. The SBI field progam began in the summer of 2002, with two 40-day research cruises on the USCGC Healy as well as a mooring deployment cruise on the USCGC Polar Star.
We undertook additional fieldwork in 2004.
[Additional information]
2. "An Arctic
Environmental Observatory in Bering Strait," funded through the National Science Foundation,
with collaborators Jacqueline M. Grebmeier of the University of Tennessee, Gay
Sheffield of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and Lou Codispoti of the
University of Maryland. This project is establishing an onshore environmental
observatory at Diomede Village, Alaska, in the center of Bering Strait. The
strategic location of this observatory on Little Diomede Island will potentially permit
rapid, flexible collection of chemical, biological, and physical data on the
transport of nutrient- and organic-rich waters of north Pacific origin into the
Arctic Ocean through this narrow strait.
Another component of our overall sampling strategy, which will
also have a community outreach function, will be marine mammal sampling and data
gathering, which will be coordinated with local subsistence hunters by Alaska
Department of Fish and Game personnel cooperating in the environmental
observatory effort. Finally,
recognizing the importance of benthic communities on the shallow Bering and Chukchi
shelves to Arctic biogeochemical cycling, we will also continue a 15 year record
of benthic biological and chemical sampling at two highly productive sites
directly north and south of Bering Strait. [Additional information]
[Additional information]
3.
"Climate-driven changes in impacts of benthic predators in the northern Bering Sea" is a National Science Foundation supported project that is continuing work we have accomplished over the past two decades studying biological changes in the northern Bering Sea. In this project, we have focused our work on declining benthic biological productivity and changes in benthic population structure, and resulting impacts on higher trophic levels, including declining populations of a threatened sea duck, the spectacled eider. A key goal is to understand changes in biological communities that appear to be occurring as sea ice continues to retreat in this system. More information about our field work and related links are available at http://arctic.bio.utk.edu. We undertook field work on USCGC Healy in 2006 and will have a follow-up research cruise in May-June 2007.
NEWER PUBLICATIONS (2000- )
Garten,
C.T., L.W. Cooper, W.M. Post, and P.J. Hanson. 2000. Climate controls on soil
carbon isotope ratios in forests along an elevation gradient in the southern
Appalachian Mountains. Ecology 81, 1108-1119.
Cooper,
L.W., J.M. Kelley, L.A. Bond, K.A. Orlandini, and J.M. Grebmeier. 2000. Sources
of the transuranic elements plutonium and neptunium in arctic marine sediments.
Marine Chemistry 69, 253-276.
Cooper,
L.W., I.L. Larsen, T.M. O'Hara, S. Dolvin, V. Woshner, and G.F. Cota. 2000.
Radionuclide burdens in arctic marine mammals harvested during subsistence
hunting. Arctic 53, 174-182.
Naidu, A.S., L.W. Cooper, B.P. Finney, R.W. Macdonald, C. Alexander, and I.P. Semiletov. 2000. Organic carbon isotope ratios (d13C) of Arctic Amerasian continental shelf sediments. International Journal of Earth Sciences 89, 522-532. Abstract
Cooper, L.W., G.H. Hong, T.M. Beasley, J.M. Grebmeier, 2001. Iodine-129 concentrations in marginal seas of the north Pacific and Pacific-influenced waters of the Arctic Ocean. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 42 (12):1347-1356. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00151-5 . Abstract
Cooper,
L.W., J.M. Grebmeier, I.L. Larsen, V.G. Egorov, C. Theodorakis, H.P. Kelly,
J.R. Lovvorn, 2002. Seasonal variation in sedimentation of organic materials in
the St. Lawrence Island polynya region, Bering Sea. Marine Ecology Progress
Series 226:13-26.
Hong, G.H., Y.I. Kim, S.H. Lee, L.W. Cooper, S.M. Choe, A.V. Tkalin, T. Lee, S.H. Kim, C.S. Chung, K. Hirose, 2002. 239+240Pu and 137Cs concentrations for zooplankton and nekton in the Northwest Pacific and Antarctic Oceans (1993-1996). Marine Pollution Bulletin 44(7): 660-665. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00322-8. Abstract.
Lovvorn, J.R., S.E. Richman, J.M. Grebmeier, L.W. Cooper, 2003. Diet and body condition of spectacled eiders wintering in pack ice of the Bering Sea. Polar Biology 26:259-267. DOI 10.1007/s00300-003-0477-0. Abstract
Khim, B.K., D.E. Krantz, L.W. Cooper, 2003. Seasonal discharge of esturarine freshwater to the western Chukchi Sea shelf identified in stable isotope profiles of mollusk shells. Journal of Geophysical Research 108:3300-3309. doi:10.1029/2003JC001816, 2003. Abstract
Grebmeier, J.M., G.R. DiTullio, J.P. Barry, L.W. Cooper, 2003. Benthic carbon cycling in the Ross Sea Polynya, Antarctica: Benthic community metabolism and sediment tracers. In: Biogeochemistry of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, R.B. Dunbar, ed. pp. 313-326, Antarctic Research Series Vol. 78 American Geophysical Union, Washington DC
Naidu, A.S., L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, T.E. Whitledge, M.J. Hameedi, 2003. The continental margin of the North Bering-Chukchi Sea: Distribution, sources, fluxes and burial rates of organic carbon. In: R. Stein and R.W. Macdonald, eds. The Organic Carbon Cycle in the Arctic Ocean. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cooper, L.W. and C. Solis, 2003. 18O and 13C in leaf litter versus tree-ring cellulose as proxy isotopic indicators of climate change. In: North American Temperate Deciduous Tree Responses to Changing Precipitation Regimes, P.J. Hanson and S. Wullschleger, eds. Ecological Studies 166, pp. 140-159. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Cooper, L.W., 2003. The Russian-American Initiative for Land-Shelf Environments in the Arctic: Contributions to Arctic System Science. Arctic Research of the United States 17: 33-42.
Full article is available on-lineMulholland, P.J., H.M. Valett, J.R. Webster, S.A. Thomas, L.W. Cooper, S.K. Hamilton, B.J. Peterson, 2004. Stream denitrification and total nitrate uptake rates measured using a field 15N tracer addition approach. Limnology and Oceanography 49(3):809-820. Abstract. Full article.
Clement, J.L., L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, 2004. Late-winter water column and sea ice conditions in the northern Bering Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research 109, C03022, doi:10.1029/2003JC002047, 2004. Abstract
Cooper, L.W., I.L. Larsen, J.M. Grebmeier, S.B. Moran, 2005. Rapid deposition of sea-ice rafted material to the Arctic Ocean traced using the cosmogenic radionuclide 7Be. Deep-Sea Research II, 52:3542-3461. Abstract. Paper and .pdf format reprints available by request; e-mail to lcooper1@utk.edu
Lovvorn, J.R., L.W. Cooper, M.L. Brooks, C.C. De Ruyck, J.K. Bump, J.M. Grebmeier, 2005. Organic matter pathways to zooplankton and benthos under pack ice in late winter and open water in late summer in the north-central Bering Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 291:135-150. Abstract
Moran, S.B., R.P. Kelly, K. Hagstrom, J.N. Smith, J.M. Grebmeier, L.W. Cooper, G.F. Cota, J.J. Walsh, N.R. Bates, D.A. Hansell, W. Maslowski, R.P. Nelson, S. Mulsow, 2005. Seasonal changes in POC export flux in the Chukchi Sea and implications for water column - benthic coupling in Arctic shelves. Deep-Sea Research II, 52:3427-3451. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.09.011
Cooper, L.W., R. Benner, J.McClelland, B. Peterson, R. M. Holmes, P.A. Raymond, D.A. Hansell, J.M. Grebmeier, L.A. Codispoti, 2005. Linkages among runoff, dissolved organic carbon, and the stable isotope oxygen isotope composition of seawater and other water mass indicators in the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, G02013, Abstract. Paper and .pdf format reprints available by request; e-mail to lcooper1@utk.edu
Clement, J.L., W. Maslowski, L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, W. Walczowski, 2005. Ocean circulation and exchanges through the northern Bering Sea: 1979-2001 model results. Deep-Sea Research II, 52:3509-3540.
Cota, G.F., L.W. Cooper, D.A. Darby, I.L. Larsen, 2006. Unexpectedly high radioactivity burdens in ice-rafted sediments from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The Science of the Total Environment, 366, 253-261. Abstract.
Cooper, L.W., L.A. Codispoti, V. Kelly, G.G. Sheffield, J.M. Grebmeier, 2006. The prospects for using Little Diomede Island as an environmental observation platform for oceanographic processes in Bering Strait. Arctic, 59(2): 129-141. .pdf format reprints available by request; e-mail to lcooper1@utk.edu
Cooper, L.W., C.J. Ashjian, S.L. Smith, L.A. Codispoti, J.M. Grebmeier, R.G. Campbell, E.B. Sherr, 2006. Rapid seasonal sea-ice retreat in the Arctic could be affecting Pacific Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) recruitment. Aquatic Mammals 32(1): 98-102, doi 10.1578/AM.32.1.2006.98 .pdf format reprints available by request; e-mail to lcooper1@utk.edu Links to news coverage of this paper available at http://arctic.bio.utk.edu, Shelf Basin Interactions section
Grebmeier, J.M., J.E. Overland, S.E. Moore, E.V. Farley, E.C. Carmack, L.W. Cooper, K.E. Frey, J.H. Helle, F.A. McLaughlin, L. McNutt, 2006. A major ecosystem shift in the northern Bering Sea. Science 311: 1461-1464. A special link for free access to this paper from the Science Magazine website is available from http://arctic.bio.utk.edu in the Bering Strait Environmental Observatory description section.
Grebmeier, J.M., L.W. Cooper, H.M. Feder, B.I. Sirenko, 2006. Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic. Progress in Oceanography 71: 331-361.
Lalande, C., K. Lepore, L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, S.B. Moran, 2007. Export fluxes of particulate organic carbon in the Chukchi Sea: A comparative study using 234Th/238U disequilibria and drifting sediment traps. Marine Chemistry, 103:185-196.
Mathis, J.T., D.A. Hansell, D. Kadko, N.R. Bates, and L.W. Cooper, 2007. Determining net dissolved organic carbon production in the hydrographically complex western Arctic Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography 52(2) 1789-1799.
Lepore, K., S.B. Moran, J.M. Grebmeier, L.W. Cooper, C. Lalande, W. Maslowski, V. Hill, N.R. Bates, D.A. Hansell, J.T. Mathis, and R.P. Kelly, 2007. Seasonal and interannual changes in POC export and Deposition in the Chukchi Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, C10024, doi:10.1029/2006JC003555, 2007
Lalande, C., J.M. Grebmeier, P. Wassmann, L.W. Cooper, M.V. Flint, and V.M. Sergeeva, 2007, Export fluxes of biogenic matter in the presence and absence of seasonal sea ice cover in the Chukchi Sea. Continental Shelf Research, 27, 2051-2065
Lalande, C., S.B. Moran, P. Wassmann, J.M. Grebmeier, and L.W. Cooper, 2007. 234Th-derived particulate organic carbon fluxes in the northern Barents Sea with comparison to drifting sediment trap fluxes. Journal of Marine Systems, in press.
OTHER PUBLICATIONS (PRIOR TO 2000)
Cooper, L.W. and C. P. McRoy, 1988. Stable carbon isotope variability in marine macrophytes along intertidal gradients. Oecologia 77:238-241
Cooper, L.W. and C. P. McRoy, 1988. Anatomical adaptations to rocky substrates and surf exposure by the seagrass genus Phyllospadix. Aquatic Botany 32:365-381.
Cooper, L.W., 1989. Patterns of carbon isotopic variability in eelgrass, Zostera marina L., from Izembek Lagoon, Alaska. Aquatic Botany 34:329-340.
Cooper, L.W. and M.J. DeNiro, 1989. Stable carbon isotope variability in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica: Evidence for light intensity effects. Marine Ecology - Progress Series 50:225-229.
Cooper, L.W. and M.J. DeNiro, 1989. Depletion of light isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in tissue water of intertidal plants: Implications for water economy. Marine Biology 101:397-400.
Cooper, L.W. and M.J. DeNiro, 1989. Covariance of oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions in plant water: Species effects. Ecology 70:1619-1628.
Cooper, L.W. and M.J. DeNiro, 1989. Oxygen-18 content of atmospheric oxygen does not affect the oxygen isotope relationship between environmental water and cellulose in a submerged aquatic plant, Egeria densa Planch. Plant Physiology 91:536-541.
DeNiro, M.J. and L.W. Cooper, 1989. Post-photosynthetic modification of oxygen isotope ratios of carbohydrates in the potato: Implications for paleoclimatic reconstruction based on isotopic analysis of wood cellulose. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53:2573-2580.
Grebmeier, J.M., L.W. Cooper, and M.J. DeNiro, 1990. Oxygen isotope composition of bottom seawater and tunicate cellulose used as indicators of water masses in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Limnology and Oceanography 35:1182-1195.
Cooper, L.W., M.J. DeNiro, and J. Keeley, 1991. The relationship between stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios in water of astomatal plants. In: Stable Isotope Geochemistry, A Tribute to Sam Epstein, pp 247-255. H.P. Taylor, J.R. O'Neill, I.R. Kaplan, eds. Geochemical Society, San Antonio.
Cooper, L.W., C.R. Olsen, D.K. Solomon, I.L. Larsen, R.B. Cook, and J.M. Grebmeier, 1991. Stable isotopes of oxygen, and natural and fallout radionuclides used for tracing runoff during snowmelt in an arctic watershed. Water Resources Research 27:2171-2179.
Kang, D.-J., C. S. Chung, L.W. Cooper, C. Y. Kang, Y.D. Kim, and G.H. Hong, 1992. Oxygen-18 and nutrients in the surface waters of the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica during austral summer 1990/91. Journal of the Oceanological Society of Korea 27:250-258.
Cooper, L.W., C. Solis, D.L. Kane, L.D. Hinzman, 1993. Application of oxygen-18 tracer techniques to arctic hydrological processes. Arctic and Alpine Research 25: 247-255.
Grebmeier, J. M., L.W. Cooper, I.L. Larsen, C. Solis, and C.R. Olsen, 1993. Cesium-137 inventories in Alaskan tundra, lake and marine sediments: An indicator of recent organic material transport? In: Applications of Isotope Techniques in Studying Past and Current Environmental Changes in the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere, pp 147-159. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
McCarthy, J.F., T.M. Williams, L. Liang, P.M. Jardine, L.W. Jolley, D.L. Taylor, A.V. Palumbo, and L.W. Cooper, 1993. Mobility of organic matter in a sandy aquifer. Environmental Science and Technology 27: 667-676.
Grebmeier, J.M. and L.W. Cooper, 1994. A decade of benthic research on the continental shelves of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas: Lessons learned. In: R.H Meehan, V. Sergienko, and G. Weller, eds. Bridges of Science between North America and the Russian Far East, pp 87-98, Arctic Division, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Fairbanks, Alaska.
Cooper, L.W. and R.J. Norby, 1994. Atmospheric CO2 enrichment can increase the 18O content of leaf water and cellulose: paleoclimatic and ecophysiological implications. Climate Research 4:1-11.
Cooper, L.W., J.M. Grebmeier, I.L. Larsen, C. Solis, C., and C.R. Olsen, 1995. Evidence for re-distribution of cesium-137 in Alaskan tundra, lake and marine sediments. Science of the Total Environment 160/161: 296-306.
Grebmeier, J.M. and L.W. Cooper, 1995. Influence of the St. Lawrence Island Polynya on the Bering Sea benthos. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: 4439-4460.
Cooper, L.W., I.L. Larsen, C. Solis, J.M. Grebmeier, C.R. Olsen, D.K. Solomon, and R.B. Cook, 1996. Isotopic Tracers for Investigating Hydrologic Processes. In: Landscape Function: Implications for Ecosystem Response to Disturbance, A Case Study in the Arctic, J.F. Reynolds and J.D. Tenhunen, eds. pp. 165-182, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Cooper, L.W., I.L. Larsen, G.L. Franklin, G.F. Houser, L.G. Emelyanova, L.N., Neretin, 1996. Anthropogenic radioactivity levels in the vicinity of the Bilibino Nuclear Power Station, Chukotka, Russia. Polar Geography 20: 3-19.
Beasley, T.M., L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, L.R. Kilius, and H.A. Synal, 1997. 36Cl and 129I in the Yenesei, Kolyma and Mackenzie Rivers, 1993. Environmental Science and Technology 31: 1834-1836.
Cooper, L.W., T.E. Whitledge, J.M. Grebmeier, and T. Weingartner, 1997. Nutrient, salinity and stable oxygen isotope composition of Bering and Chukchi Sea in and around the Bering Strait. Journal of Geophysical Research 102: 12,563-12,574.
Egorov, V.G., S.E. Nalivaiko, V.S. Pavlenko, V.S., O.S. Rzshevsky, L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, and L.R. Shugart, 1997. Submersible UV-B spectroradiometer using an acousto-optic tunable filter. Proc. SPIE Vol. 2963: 664-669, Ocean Optics XIII, Steven G. Ackelson, editor. The International Society for Optical Engineering
Beasley, T. M., L.W. Cooper, J.M. Grebmeier, K. Aagaard, J.M. Kelly, L.R. Kilius, 1998. 237Np/129I atom ratios in Arctic Ocean surface waters: Has 237Np from European fuel reprocessing facilities entered the Arctic Ocean? Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 39, 255-277
Cooper, L.W., I.L. Larsen, T.M. Beasley, S.S. Dolvin, J.M. Grebmeier, J.M. Kelly, M. Scott, and A. Johnson-Pyrtle, 1998. The distribution of radiocesium and plutonium in sea ice-entrained Arctic sediments in relation to potential sources and sinks. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 39, 279-303.
Cooper,
L.W., T.M. Beasley, X.-L.Zhao, C. Soto, K.L. Vinogradova, and K.H. Dunton,
1998. Marine algae as historical indicators of the transport of nuclear fuel
re-processing wastes from mid-to-high latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean. Marine
Biology 131, 391-399.
Cooper, L.W., J.M. Grebmeier, I.L. Larsen, S.S. Dolvin, A.J. Reed, 1998. Inventories and distribution of radiocesium in Arctic marine sediments: Influence of biological and physical processes, 1998. Chemistry and Ecology 15, 27-46.
Cooper, L.W. Isotopic fractionation in snow cover, 1998. In: Isotopic Tracers in Catchment Hydrology, pp. 119-136, J.J. McDonnell and C. Kendall, eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Garten, C.T., W.M. Post, P.J. Hanson, and L.W. Cooper, 1999. Forest carbon soil inventories and dynamics along an elevation gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Biogeochemistry 45, 115-145.
Cooper, L.W. G.F. Cota, L. Pomeroy, and J.M. Grebmeier. 1999. Modification of NO, PO, and NO/PO during flow across the Bering and Chukchi Shelves: Implications for use as Arctic water mass tracers. Journal of Geophysical Research 104, 7827-7836.
Cooper, L.W., T.M. Beasley, K. Aagaard, J.M. Kelley, I.L. Larsen, and J.M. Grebmeier. 1999. Distributions of Nuclear Fuel-reprocessing Tracers in the Arctic Ocean: Indications of Russian river influence. Journal of Marine Research 57, 715-738.
Münchow, A., T. Weingartner, and L.W. Cooper. 1999. The summer hydrography and surface circulation in the East Siberian Shelf Sea. Journal of Physical Oceanography 29, 2167-2182. Abstract
Schlosser, P., R. Bayer, G. Bönisch, L. Cooper, B. Ekwurzel, W.J. Jenkins, S. Khatiwala, S. Pfirman, and W.M. Smethie. 1999. Pathways and mean residence times of dissolved pollutants in the ocean derived from transient tracers and stable isotopes. Science of the Total Environment 237/238,15-30.